The Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) has issued a warning about a significant rise in emergency health incidents related to the recreational use of nitrous oxide, commonly known as “laughing gas,” across the state.
According to a June 4 news release from the MDHHS, between 2019 and 2024, calls to the Michigan Poison and Drug Information Center (MiPDC) regarding adverse effects from nitrous oxide use increased by 533%.
Emergency medical service responses related to nitrous oxide misuse rose by 553%, and emergency department visits surged by 757% from 2019 to 2023.
“The drug landscape is constantly changing and the increases in nitrous oxide misuse are concerning, given the widespread availability of the product and the increase in multiple substance use,” said Dr. Natasha Bagdasarian, chief medical executive.
Nitrous oxide is commonly used in medical settings as an anesthetic and analgesic, and commercially in steel aerosol whipped cream dispensers. It is easily accessible online or at grocery and convenience stores, as well as smoke and vape shops.
“This is a serious public health problem. At the MiPDC, our consultants are encountering a significant increase in cases involving neurological and cardiovascular effects related to the recreational use of nitrous oxide,” said Dr. Varun Vohra, MiPDC senior director and clinical toxicologist.
Recreational use of nitrous oxide is popular due to its ability to induce euphoria, relaxation, and a hallucinogenic state. However, chronic use can lead to severe health issues, including neurological damage and psychiatric effects.
Symptoms of frequent or long-term nitrous oxide use can include weakness, numbness or tingling, loss of sensation in limbs, memory impairment, delusions, depression, and mood changes. Severe effects can result in hypoxia and asphyxiation.
As of 2024, Michigan law prohibits the sale of items specifically designed for recreational nitrous oxide use.
Individuals experiencing concerning symptoms after using nitrous oxide should immediately cease use and seek emergency medical care. The MiPDC can be contacted at 800-222-1222 for consultation with board-certified toxicologists.
Comprehensive substance use disorder services are available throughout Michigan to support residents impacted by substance use disorders. Additional information is accessible at Michigan.gov/SUD.